![\"\"](\"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/kariye-camii-3-1024x911.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nTarih\u00e7esi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Edirnekap\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Hali\u00e7\u2019e bakan yamac\u0131nda bulunan m\u00e2bed, Bizans d\u00f6neminin \u00f6nemli manast\u0131rlar\u0131ndan Khora\u2019n\u0131n \u00ces\u00e2\u2019ya adanm\u0131\u015f kilisesidir. Tarih\u00e7esi ve ilk yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok bilgi olmakla beraber bunlardan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 tarih\u00ee ger\u00e7eklerle uyu\u015fmamaktad\u0131r. Khora kelime olarak bir yerle\u015fim yerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, ta\u015fray\u0131 ifade etmektedir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de \u201ck\u00f6y\u201d anlam\u0131ndaki\u00a0karye<\/strong>den gelen\u00a0kariye<\/strong>\u00a0de bir bak\u0131ma bunun terc\u00fcmesidir. IV. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda Konstantinos taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan surlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan manast\u0131ra bu ad\u0131n verildi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrse de bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f pek inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir. Fakat kilisenin i\u00e7inde \u00ces\u00e2 ve Meryem\u2019i tasvir eden mozaiklerde her ikisinin de adlar\u0131 ile birlikte Khora kelimesinin yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 bunun mistik bir anlam\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Baz\u0131 eski filozoflar\u0131n Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden tarifleri Ge\u00e7 Bizans devrinde \u00ces\u00e2 ile Meryem\u2019e de yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Khora s\u0131fat\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi a\u015fan bir \u00e2lemi belirtmektedir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6teden beri Khora Manast\u0131r\u0131 ve Kilisesi\u2019ni \u0130mparator Iustinianos\u2019un VI. y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7inde kurdu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrse de IX. y\u00fczy\u0131la do\u011fru yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen bir kaynakta anlat\u0131lan bu kurulu\u015f efsanesi ger\u00e7e\u011fe uymaz. Manast\u0131r ilk defa, 742 y\u0131llar\u0131nda isyan edip kendisini imparator il\u00e2n eden bir valinin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 ile birlikte buraya kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla zikredilir. Bundan sonra XI. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131nda imparator olan I. Aleksios Komnenos\u2019un kay\u0131nv\u00e2lidesi Maria Dukaina taraf\u0131ndan, o tarihlerde harabeye d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f olan yap\u0131lar\u0131n restorasyonu ile kilisenin eskisine nazaran daha de\u011fi\u015fik bir mimaride yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ikinci defa an\u0131l\u0131r. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc binan\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil etti\u011fi san\u0131lan bu kilise \u201cSoteros\u201d yani kurtar\u0131c\u0131 \u00ces\u00e2\u2019ya adanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Fakat ard\u0131ndan yine tamir gerektiren binay\u0131 Aleksios\u2019un k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flu Isaakios Komnenos ihya ederek i\u00e7 hol\u00fcnde kendisi i\u00e7in bir mezar yeri haz\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015f ve buran\u0131n duvar\u0131nda mozaik \u00ces\u00e2 tasvirinin bir k\u00f6\u015fesinde kendi portresini yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re kilisenin bu orta k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n XII. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. IV. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi s\u0131ras\u0131nda (1204-1261) tekrar harap olan m\u00e2bedin Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ihya edildi\u011finde saray ileri gelenlerinden Theodoros Metokhites taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde tamir ettirilip geni\u015fletilerek 1321\u2019de tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Bu s\u0131rada binan\u0131n g\u00fcney taraf\u0131na bir ek \u015fapelle bat\u0131 cephesi \u00f6n\u00fcne bir d\u0131\u015f hol eklendi\u011fi gibi i\u00e7i mozaikler ve fresko resimlerle bezenmi\u015f, ayr\u0131ca Metokhites\u2019in mozaik portresi i\u00e7 kap\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcndeki \u00ces\u00e2 tasvirinin ayaklar\u0131 dibine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Theodoros\u2019un manast\u0131ra kom\u015fu bir saray\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi bu din\u00ee tesisin i\u00e7inde de dostlar\u0131yla ilm\u00ee konu\u015fmalar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir dairesi vard\u0131. Palailogos s\u00fcl\u00e2lesinden ve ileri gelenlerden bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc manast\u0131r \u0130stanbul\u2019un fethine kadar kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ku\u015fatma s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015fehrin koruyucusu oldu\u011fu kabul edilen ve \u00f6teden beri Sarayburnu\u2019nda bir manast\u0131rda muhafaza edilen Meryem ikonas\u0131 surlara yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in buraya getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Fetihte ilk ele ge\u00e7irilen yap\u0131lardan olan Khora Manast\u0131r\u0131 bir s\u00fcre bo\u015f kalm\u0131\u015f, \u015fehrin i\u00e7indeki baz\u0131 kilise ve harabeler bilhassa II. Bayezid d\u00f6neminde camiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Sadrazam Atik Ali Pa\u015fa taraf\u0131ndan camiye \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. Nitekim 953 (1546) tarihli\u00a0\u0130stanbul Vak\u0131flar\u0131 Tahrir Defteri\u2019nde \u201cKen\u00eese (kilise) Camii\u201d ad\u0131yla zikredilen m\u00e2bedin pa\u015fan\u0131n \u00c7emberlita\u015f\u2019taki evkaf\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu kay\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrk d\u00f6neminde Kahriye Camii olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul\u2019daki sah\u00e2be mezarlar\u0131ndan Eb\u00fb Sa\u00eed el-Hudr\u00ee\u2019nin makam-kabrinin de burada oldu\u011fu kabul edilmektedir. Mimar Sinan\u2019\u0131n eserlerinin adlar\u0131n\u0131 bildiren listelerden\u00a0Tezkiret\u00fc\u2019l-b\u00fcny\u00e2n\u00a0ve\u00a0Tezkiret\u00fc\u2019l-ebniye\u2019den Mimar Sinan\u2019\u0131n Kariye Camii\u2019ne yak\u0131n bir medrese in\u015fa etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00f6\u011frenilmektedir. \u0130stanbul medreseleri hakk\u0131nda 20 A\u011fustos 1330\u2019da (2 Eyl\u00fcl 1914) yaz\u0131lan bir raporda, d\u00f6rt odal\u0131 ah\u015fap bir yap\u0131 olan Kariye Medresesi\u2019nin son derece harap bir durumda oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir. Anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re bu y\u0131llarda medrese k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve daha sonra tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul\u2019da tarih\u00ee binalara b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar veren \u015fiddetli depremlerden bahseden ve 1059 (1648) y\u0131l\u0131na ait oldu\u011fu kabul edilen bir belgeye g\u00f6re (TSMA, nr. D. 9567) Kariye Camii XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortas\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6ncekinden daha \u015fiddetli olan ve camide \u00f6nemli izler b\u0131rakan 1180 (1766) y\u0131l\u0131 depreminin hemen arkas\u0131ndan cami Mimar \u0130sm\u00e2il Hal\u00eefe taraf\u0131ndan onar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Fetihten sonra Kariye Camii\u2019ni g\u00f6ren yabanc\u0131 seyyahlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Frans\u0131z Albili Pierre Gilles bulunmaktad\u0131r. 1544-1550 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan, \u0130stanbul ve \u00e7evresiyle ilgili incelemeler yapan Gilles, Konstantinos Saray\u0131 (Tekfur Saray\u0131) ile Edirnekap\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir yerde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kiliseden ad\u0131n\u0131 vermeksizin bahseder. Yine XVI. y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7inde Avusturya el\u00e7ili\u011fi papaz\u0131 Stephan Gerlach da buray\u0131 ziyaret ederek caminin yan\u0131nda bir medrese ile i\u00e7inde ip b\u00fckenlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuru bir sarn\u0131\u00e7 bulundu\u011funu kaydetmi\u015ftir. Gilles gibi o da \u00fc\u00e7 taraf\u0131nda revaklar olan binan\u0131n i\u00e7inin mozaik ve freskolarla s\u00fcslenmi\u015f oldu\u011funu bildirir. Bu seyyah\u0131n bahsetti\u011fi kuru sarn\u0131\u00e7, Karag\u00fcmr\u00fck a\u00e7\u0131ksu haznesinin (Vefa Stadyumu) arka taraf\u0131nda Kas\u0131m A\u011fa Mescidi\u2019nin yan\u0131nda XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l sonlar\u0131na kadar i\u00e7inde ip b\u00fckenlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131 de\u011filse Kariye Camii yak\u0131n\u0131nda ayn\u0131 i\u015f i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ve bug\u00fcn hi\u00e7bir izi kalmayan ba\u015fka bir sarn\u0131c\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekir. Evliya \u00c7elebi, XVII. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Kariye Camii\u2019nden onun \u201cevvelce bir sanatl\u0131 kilise\u201d oldu\u011fu \u015feklindeki tek c\u00fcmle ile bahsederek herhalde i\u00e7indeki zengin mozaik s\u00fcslemelere i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir. \u0130stanbul\u2019u dola\u015fan baz\u0131 yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n, seyahatn\u00e2melerinde caminin i\u00e7inde mozaikle i\u015flenmi\u015f resimler g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini yazmalar\u0131ndan buradaki duvar resimlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcstlerinin a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Nitekim tarih\u00e7i Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, 1822\u2019de bas\u0131lan \u0130stanbul\u2019a dair kitab\u0131nda bunlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahseder. \u0130stanbul patriklerinden Konstantinos da Rumca\u2019s\u0131 1824\u2019te, Frans\u0131zca\u2019s\u0131 1846\u2019da bas\u0131lan \u0130stanbul hakk\u0131ndaki kitab\u0131nda yap\u0131daki mozaik s\u00fcslemelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir. Frans\u0131z mimar ve seyyah\u0131 Charles Texier 1835\u2019e do\u011fru caminin ilk defa plan\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmek \u00fczere \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerini alm\u0131\u015f, fakat bu kroki ve notlar\u0131 yay\u0131mlamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131llara do\u011fru A. Lenoir, Kariye\u2019nin bat\u0131 cephesinin bir r\u00f6l\u00f6vesini \u00e7izmi\u015f ve 1840\u2019ta bir kitapta ne\u015fretmi\u015ftir. Bunun en ilgi \u00e7ekici taraf\u0131, bu cephedeki kemerlerin \u00fcstlerinin dalgal\u0131 bir mahya hatt\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r. XIX. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7ekilen bir foto\u011frafta da bu durum a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kariye Camii, 1875\u2019te \u0130stanbullu Rumlar\u2019dan P. Kuppas taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6ylenen bir onar\u0131m ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Nitekim Frans\u0131z mimarl\u0131k tarih\u00e7isi A. Choisy, 28 Eyl\u00fcl 1875\u2019te ziyaret etti\u011fi Kariye Camii\u2019nin o s\u0131rada tamir edildi\u011fini yazar. Bu onar\u0131mda bat\u0131 cephesinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki kemerlerin \u00fcstleri d\u00fcz bir mahya hatt\u0131yla kesilmi\u015ftir. Onar\u0131mdan \u00f6nce \u00e7ekilmi\u015f bir foto\u011frafla D. Galanakis ad\u0131nda bir ressam\u0131n \u00e7izdi\u011fi resim litografya olarak A. G. Paspatis\u2019in 1877\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan eserinde Khora Kilisesi\u2019nin Bizans d\u00f6nemindeki tarih\u00e7esiyle beraber bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda Avusturyal\u0131 mimar D. Pulgher, \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Bizans kiliselerinin r\u00f6l\u00f6velerinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir alb\u00fcm halindeki kitab\u0131nda Kariye Camii\u2019nin pek ger\u00e7e\u011fe uymayan plan\u0131 ve cephe et\u00fctleriyle birlikte i\u00e7indeki mozaik ve freskolar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n kopyalar\u0131n\u0131 da ne\u015fretmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca 1886\u2019da duvar resimlerinin bir de katalogu bast\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul\u2019da b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar veren 1894 depreminde Kariye Camii\u2019nin baz\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 yine harap olmu\u015f, hatta minaresi de y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak az sonra yeniden tamir edilen m\u00e2bedi, II. Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelen Alman \u0130mparatoru Kaiser II. Wilhelm ziyaret etmi\u015ftir. Alman mimar A. R\u00fcdell, binan\u0131n r\u00f6l\u00f6velerini b\u00fcy\u00fck boyda bir kitap halinde 1908\u2019de yay\u0131mlam\u0131\u015f, Alexander van Millingen de b\u00fcy\u00fck eserinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen duvar resimlerinin a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131 bir listesine yer vermi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130stanbul\u2019daki Rus Arkeoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fcyelerinden F. I. Schmit, Kariye Camii ve mozaikleri hakk\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir eser ne\u015fretmi\u015ftir. \u0130stanbul tarihi ve eski eserleri hakk\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 olan \u0130htifalci Mehmed Ziy\u00e2 1910\u2019da resimli bir kitapta bunlar\u0131 tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ayasofya\u2019da 1932\u2019den beri mozaik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 yapan Thomas Whittemore ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Amerikan Bizans Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc 1948\u2019de Kariye Camii\u2019nde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara giri\u015fti. O y\u0131la kadar namaza a\u00e7\u0131k olan cami vak\u0131flardan al\u0131narak m\u00fczeler dairesine ba\u011fland\u0131. A\u00e7\u0131kta olan mozaikler temizlendi\u011fi gibi \u00fcstleri ince bir badana tabakas\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc olan g\u00fcney taraf\u0131ndaki ek kilisenin freskolar\u0131n\u0131n meydana \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na da ba\u015fland\u0131. 1950\u2019de Whittemore\u2019un \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, merkezi Washington\u2019da bulunan Dumbarton Oaks Bizans Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan Paul Underwood\u2019un ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle yabanc\u0131lardan olu\u015fan bir ekiple s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Ousterhout\u2019un haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, Kariye Camii\u2019nin genel mimarisine dair monografya 1987\u2019de yay\u0131mland\u0131. Binan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki duvar resimlerinin tamam\u0131 ise d\u00f6rt b\u00fcy\u00fck cilt halinde ayr\u0131ca bas\u0131ld\u0131. Bundan sonra Kariye tekrar cami haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Bu tarih\u00ee eserin 450 y\u0131ldan beri cami olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeksizin i\u00e7indeki b\u00fct\u00fcn teberr\u00fck\u00e2t e\u015fyas\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ah\u015fap minber Zeyrek Kilise Camii\u2019ne ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131p buran\u0131n orta b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne konulmu\u015ftur. Bizans Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, binay\u0131 restore ettikten ve mimari bak\u0131mdan etrafl\u0131 bir incelemesini yapt\u0131ktan sonra Kariye Camii Ayasofya M\u00fczesi M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ziyarete a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Semavi Eyice taraf\u0131ndan Kariye Camii\u2019ne dair bol resimli bir monografya 1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngilizce, Frans\u0131zca ve Almanca olarak yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bug\u00fcn mevcut yap\u0131da mimari bak\u0131mdan \u00e7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlere i\u015faret eden de\u011fi\u015fik duvar \u00f6rg\u00fclerine rastlanmakla beraber binan\u0131n ana mek\u00e2n\u0131 d\u00f6rt a\u011f\u0131r p\u00e2yeye oturan d\u00f6rt kemerden meydana gelmi\u015f, ortas\u0131nda kubbe bulunan kiborion bi\u00e7imindedir. XI. y\u00fczy\u0131la, yani Komnenoslar d\u00f6nemine ait oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan bu ana mek\u00e2n\u0131n bat\u0131 taraf\u0131ndaki giri\u015f hol\u00fc de (nar-teks) Aleksios Komnenos\u2019un o\u011flu Isaakios taraf\u0131ndan yenilenen kiliseye ait olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ana mek\u00e2n\u0131n apsis k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n iki yan\u0131ndaki kubbeli ve apsisli k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n da bu d\u00f6neme ait olmas\u0131 gerekir. XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda bina Metokhites taraf\u0131ndan ihya edilirken ana mek\u00e2n\u0131n sa\u011f (g\u00fcney) cephesine biti\u015fik olarak yap\u0131lan ek ince uzun tek nefli bir \u015fapel karakterindedir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bat\u0131 taraf\u0131na bir d\u0131\u015f hol eklenmi\u015ftir. Binay\u0131 iki taraftan saran bu eklerin d\u0131\u015f cepheleri k\u00f6r kemerlerle hareketlendirilmi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcney-bat\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fesindeki \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n asl\u0131nda \u00e7an kulesinin kaidesi oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kilise camiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fckten sonra i\u00e7inde merdiven olan bu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 minarenin k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc olmu\u015ftur. Burada dikkati \u00e7eken bir \u00f6zellik, minare g\u00f6vdesine yak\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131mdaki kemerlerin T\u00fcrk mimarisindeki ka\u015f kemerler bi\u00e7iminde olu\u015fudur. Fakat bunlar\u0131n Bizans yap\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7lerinde tu\u011fladan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Metokhites\u2019in ad\u0131n\u0131 veren monogramlardan anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Gerek g\u00fcneydeki ek \u015fapelde gerekse bat\u0131daki d\u0131\u015f holde mevcut \u00e7ok say\u0131daki ni\u015fin son Bizans d\u00f6neminin baz\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fclerinin mezar yerleri oldu\u011fu tesbit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu ek \u015fapelin alt\u0131nda \u00fczeri be\u015fik tonozlarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc y\u00fcksek bir bodrum vard\u0131r. Bizans devrinde binan\u0131n do\u011fu taraf\u0131nda arazi meyilli oldu\u011fundan apsis \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kemerle desteklenmi\u015ftir. Yap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde ayr\u0131ca Bizans mermer i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finin g\u00fczel baz\u0131 \u00f6rnekleriyle de kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kariye Camii\u2019ne T\u00fcrk devrinde \u00f6nemli bir mimari ekleme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bir harim avlusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bir \u015fad\u0131rvan\u0131 da yoktur. Bug\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclen minare 1894 zelzelesinden sonra in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olup bir sanat de\u011ferine sahip de\u011fildir. Binan\u0131n bir vakitler cami oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden tek unsur mihrap da ge\u00e7 bir d\u00f6neme ait olup sanat de\u011feri yoktur.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u0130BL\u0130YOGRAFYA<\/em><\/strong><\/p> TSMA, nr. D. 9567.<\/p> \u0130stanbul Vak\u0131flar\u0131 Tahrir Defteri 953 (1546)<\/em>, s. 424.<\/p> Ayvansar\u00e2y\u00ee,\u00a0Had\u00eekat\u00fc\u2019l-cev\u00e2mi\u2018<\/em>, I, 159;\u00a0a.e.: Camilerimiz Ansiklopedisi: Had\u00eekat\u00fc\u2019l-cev\u00e2mi\u2018<\/em>\u00a0(haz. \u0130hsan Erzi), \u0130stanbul 1987, I, 218-219.<\/p> J. von Hammer-Purgstall,\u00a0Constantinopolis und der Bosporos<\/em>, Pesth 1822, I, 383-384.<\/p> A. G. Paspatis,\u00a0Byzantinai Meletai<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1877, s. 326-332.<\/p> a.mlf., \u201cRecherches sur les \u00e9glises byzantines transform\u00e9es en mosqu\u00e9es\u201d,\u00a0l\u2019Universrevue orientale<\/em>, sy. 5, \u0130stanbul 1875, s. 288-289.<\/p> D. Pulgher,\u00a0Les anciennes \u00e9glises byzantines de Constantinople<\/em>, Wien 1878, s. 31-40.<\/p> J. P. Richter,\u00a0Quellen der byzantinischen Kunstgeschichte<\/em>, Wien 1892, s. 162, 195-197, 247.<\/p> A. Mordtmann,\u00a0Esquisse topographique de Constantinople<\/em>, Lille 1892, s. 76.<\/p> Ph. Forchheimer \u2013 J. Strzygowski,\u00a0Die byzantinischen wasserbec\u00e4lter von Konstantinopel<\/em>, Wien 1893, s. 107, nr. 35.<\/p> F. I. Schmit, \u201cKakhriedzami\u201d,\u00a0Izvestija Russkogo Arkheologiceskogo Instituto v Konstantinopole XI<\/em>, Sofia-M\u00fcnchen 1906, I-II.<\/p> Mehmed Ziy\u00e2,\u00a0Kariye Cami-i \u015eerifi<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1326.<\/p> A. R\u00fcdell,\u00a0Die Kahrie-Djamissi in Konstantinopel, Ein Kleinod byzantinischer Kunst<\/em>, Berlin 1908.<\/p> A. van Millingen,\u00a0Byzantine Churches in Constantinople, Their History and Architecture<\/em>, London 1912, s. 288 vd.<\/p> J. Ebersolt,\u00a0Monuments d\u2019architecture byzantine<\/em>, Paris 1934, s. 51-161.<\/p> A. M. Schneider,\u00a0Byzanz, Vorarbeiten zur Topographie und Arch\u00e4ologie der Stadt<\/em>, Berlin 1936, s. 57-58.<\/p> G\u00f6kbilgin,\u00a0Edirne ve Pa\u015fa Liv\u00e2s\u0131<\/em>, s. 394-403.<\/p> A. S\u00fcheyl \u00dcnver,\u00a0\u0130stanbul\u2019da Sahabe Kabirleri<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1953.<\/p> Aziz Ogan \u2013 Vl. Mirmiro\u011flu,\u00a0Kariye Cami, Eski Hora Manast\u0131r\u0131<\/em>, Ankara 1955.<\/p> P. G. \u0130nciciyan,\u00a0XVIII. As\u0131rda \u0130stanbul<\/em>\u00a0(n\u015fr. H. D. Andreasyan), \u0130stanbul 1956, s. 48.<\/p> R. Janin,\u00a0La g\u00e8ographie ecl\u00e8siastique de l\u2019Empire byzantin, I- Le si\u00e8ge de Constantinople et de patriarcat \u0153cum\u00e9nique, II. Les \u00e8glises et les monast\u00e8res<\/em>, Paris 1969, s. 531-538.<\/p> T. F. Mathews,\u00a0The Byzantine Churches of Istanbul: A Photographic Survey<\/em>, Pennsylvania 1976, s. 40-58.<\/p> W. M\u00fcller-Wiener,\u00a0Bildlexikon zur Topographie Istanbuls<\/em>, T\u00fcbingen 1977, s. 159-163;\u00a0a.e.: \u0130stanbul\u2019un Tarihsel Topografyas\u0131<\/em>\u00a0(trc. \u00dclker Say\u0131n), \u0130stanbul 2001, s. 159-163.<\/p> \u00c7elik G\u00fclersoy,\u00a0Kariye (Chora)<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1980.<\/p> a.mlf., \u201cKariye\u201d,\u00a0Arkeoloji ve Sanat<\/em>, I\/1, \u0130stanbul 1978, s. 13-16; I\/2, s. 18-22; III\/3, s. 17-22.<\/p> Semavi Eyice,\u00a0Son Devir Bizans Mim\u00e2risi<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1980, s. 46-51.<\/p> a.mlf.,\u00a0Kariye Mosque Church of Chora Manastery<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1997.<\/p> Aptullah Kuran,\u00a0Mimar Sinan<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1986, s. 342.<\/p> R. G. Ousterhout,\u00a0The Architecture of the Kariye Camii in Istanbul<\/em>, Washington 1987.<\/p> a.mlf., \u201cA Sixteenth-Century Visitor to the Chora\u201d,\u00a0Dumbarton Oaks Papers<\/em>, XXXIX, Washington 1985, s. 118-124.<\/p> \u015eevket G\u00fcrel,\u00a0\u0130stanbul Evliyalar\u0131 ve Fetih \u015eehidleri<\/em>, \u0130stanbul 1988, s. 49-52.<\/p> F\u00e2tih C\u00e2mileri ve Di\u011fer T\u00e2rih\u00ee Eserler<\/em>\u00a0(haz. Fatih M\u00fcft\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc), \u0130stanbul 1991, s. 142-143.<\/p> M\u00fcbahat S. K\u00fct\u00fcko\u011flu,\u00a0XX. Asra Eri\u015fen \u0130stanbul Medreseleri<\/em>, Ankara 2000, s. 253.<\/p> a.mlf., \u201cD\u00e2r\u00fc\u2019l-hil\u00e2feti\u2019l-\u2018aliyye Medresesi ve Kurulu\u015fu Arefesinde \u0130stanbul Medreseleri\u201d,\u00a0\u0130TED<\/em>, VII\/1-2 (1978), s. 136.<\/p> Zarif Orgun, \u201cHassa Mimarlar\u0131\u201d,\u00a0Arkitekt<\/em>, VIII\/12, \u0130stanbul 1939, s. 333-342.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kariye Camii\u2019nde haz\u0131rl\u0131klar minber kurulmas\u0131 ile devam etti. Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesi ile yeniden ibadete a\u00e7\u0131lan camide haz\u0131rl\u0131klarda sona gelindi. Minber kuruldu, hal\u0131lar serildi son ayakkab\u0131l\u0131klar d\u00fczenlendi. Ayasofya Camii\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00f6nemli ibadethanelerden olan ve 1945’te Bakanlar Kurulu karar\u0131yla m\u00fczeye \u00e7evrilen Kariye Camii, 21 A\u011fustos 2020\u2019de Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kararnamesi ile ibadete a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130stanbul’un Fethi’nden …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1547,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[40],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1543"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1548,"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1543\/revisions\/1548"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/karagumruk.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/kariye-camii-4.jpg\")
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